A recent study by the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University, which examined eight AI search tools, found that chatbots often provided incorrect or speculative answers instead of acknowledging their limitations. In a similar experiment, Team VayuVeg tested various AI assistants — including ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Grok, Perplexity, and DeepSeek — by asking straightforward questions such as:

The responses were surprising. Not a single AI chatbot confirmed that India had defeated Pakistan in the missile conflict. The most striking was the Chinese-developed AI engine, DeepSeek, which repeatedly claimed that Operation Sindoor never occurred. Several bots either suggested Pakistan had claimed victory or conveyed ambiguity, implying it was unclear which side prevailed.

The undeniable fact, supported by tonnes of evidence produced by India, remains that the Indian Air Force targeted not only the terror bases deep inside Pakistan, but also caused enormous damage to Pakistani military infrastructure – destroying nine aircraft, neutralising drones, and disabling radar systems. These actions compelled Pakistan to seek a ceasefire within four days. Military historian and aviation analyst Tom Cooper minced no words saying India was the clear winner in the air battle against Pakistan. US military expert John Spencer also noted that India's use of domestically developed weapons outperformed Pakistan's Chinese-supplied systems, marking a significant technological advantage for India.

While we keep this in mind, here is a detailed account of what AI bots stated:

A) ChatGPT

Question asked: Who won India India-Pakistan War 2025?

Response On Record: The 2025 India–Pakistan conflict, often referred to as the "Four-Day War," concluded without a definitive victor, as both nations claimed success following a US-brokered ceasefire on May 10, 2025. Pakistan declared victory and established "Youm-e-Tashakur" (Day of Gratitude) on May 16 to honour its armed forces' performance during the conflict. However, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif later admitted that the Pakistani military was caught unprepared during India's BrahMos missile strikes, contradicting earlier claims of a decisive victory.

The United States played a crucial role in mediating the ceasefire to prevent further escalation. While India achieved tactical military objectives, analysts like Brahma Chellaney argue that it failed to control the international narrative, allowing other countries to shape the perception of the conflict's resolution. In summary, India secured a tactical and technological edge during the brief conflict, but both nations proclaimed victory, and the war's legacy remains contested.

VayuVeg’s Analysis: The chatbot clearly attempted to credit the US for the ceasefire and claimed that Pakistan declared victory. It also blatantly showcased how India failed at controlling the international narrative, allowing the US to take the credit for interfering between the two countries.

It is important to note here that India outperformed in furthering the international narrative, approaching several countries like the US, Russia, the United Kingdom, Israel, France, Panama, etc, in advance stating the facts loud and clear that Operation Sindoor was a retaliatory action initiated by India after Pahalgham terrorist attack that was directed by Pakistan Military, claiming lives of 26 innocent Hindu tourists.

VayuVeg has published following detailed articles regarding India's diplomatic outreach amid Operation Sindoor:

a. Operation Sindoor: India’s self-reliant leap in national defence 

Question asked: Did Pakistan win Operation Sindoor?

Response On Record: No, Pakistan did not win against Operation Sindoor in any conventional or strategic military sense. Operation Sindoor was launched by India in May 2025 as a swift and targeted retaliation against Pakistan following a deadly terror attack in Pahalgam. The operation lasted just four days but was intense and technologically advanced.

India destroyed 9 Pakistani military aircraft, neutralised multiple drones and radar systems, demonstrated superior use of indigenously developed weapons, outperforming Pakistan’s Chinese-imported defense systems. Despite heavy losses, Pakistan declared a symbolic victory by marking "Youm-e-Tashakur" (Day of Gratitude). However, while Pakistan tried to save face politically and publicly, the tactical edge clearly belonged to India.

India didn’t escalate to full war but achieved its key objectives quickly and forced Pakistan into agreeing to a US-mediated ceasefire within four days.

VayuVeg’s Analysis: The AI bot stated that India won militarily and technologically, but also claimed that India did not escalate the war after the US proposed a ceasefire. In this case, the AI bot attempted to credit the US for the ceasefire when the fact is that Pakistan had called the authorities in India and requested to talk over the situation and the Indus Water Treaty action. India rejected the said proposal and stated that it would hold no talks with Pakistan on any issue other than PoK.

Question Asked: Did Pakistan knock down India's 6 Rafael missiles?

Response On Record: Pakistan claimed to have shot down six Indian fighter jets, including three Rafale aircraft, using Chinese-made J-10C jets equipped with PL-15 air-to-air missiles. Independent sources, including US officials, confirmed that at least two Indian aircraft were downed, one of which was a Rafale. India's Chief of Defence Staff, General Anil Chauhan, acknowledged the loss of some jets but dismissed Pakistan's claim of downing six Indian fighters as "absolutely incorrect." The Indian government has not specified the exact number or types of aircraft lost during the conflict. Therefore, while Pakistan did succeed in downing some Indian aircraft, the claim of shooting down six, including three Rafales, is not fully substantiated

VayuVeg’s Analysis: Though General Anil Chauhan acknowledged the loss of some jets, he denied that Pakistan shot down six Indian fighters. He said that the country will soon release the number of lost aircraft, and also said that no fighter pilots were injured.

Speaking candidly about Operation Sindoor, the CDS addressed questions about the losses incurred during the mission recently. Using a cricket metaphor to clarify the Armed Forces’ stance, General Chauhan said, “When I was asked about losses on our side, I said these are not important. The results and how you act are important. It would not be very correct to talk about losses… Suppose you go to a cricket test match, and you win by an innings defeat, then there’s no question of how many wickets, how many balls, and how many players”, news agency ANI reported.

He added that the technical data related to the operation, including destroyed aircraft and radar systems, would be compiled and released soon. “Based on technical parameters, we will take out this particular data and share it with you. We will tell you how many aircraft we destroyed and how many radars we destroyed. We’ll make a rough assessment of that and come out with that shortly,” he stated.

B) Google Gemini

Question asked: Who won India Pakistan war in 2025?

Response On Record: Both India and Pakistan have claimed victory in the conflict, and various analyses suggest different interpretations of the outcome. It's important to note that direct information about a clear "winner" in the traditional sense of a decisive military victory is not consistently reported. Pakistan responded with its own "Operation Bunyan Al-Marsus," launching a counterattack and claiming to have downed several Indian jets and damaged Indian infrastructure. Pakistan also reported civilian casualties from Indian strikes. Both India and Pakistan declared victory, with each side presenting narratives that suited their interests.

Pakistan could be seen by some as having achieved a diplomatic win by forcing external mediation and gaining a surge in domestic support for its military. In essence, while both sides have spun the narrative to claim success, the 2025 India-Pakistan conflict was a brief but intense military crisis that ended in a ceasefire, with no definitive declaration of one side "winning" over the other in a traditional sense.

Question asked: Did Pakistan win against Operation Sindoor?

Response On Record: According to recent statements from India's Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), General Anil Chauhan, Pakistan's planned "48-hour offensive" in response to Operation Sindoor folded up in approximately eight hours. He stated that Pakistan aimed to bring India to its knees on May 10th but had to fold its offensives rapidly and request talks to end hostilities.

India launched Operation Sindoor on May 7th, targeting terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir in response to the Pahalgam terror attack. While both sides initially claimed victory, the prevailing narrative from India and some international analyses suggests that Pakistan's counter-offensive was quickly neutralized by India, leading Pakistan to seek a de-escalation and ceasefire.

Question Asked: Did Pakistan knock down India's 6 Rafael missiles?

Response On Record: Pakistan claimed to have shot down six Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft during the May 2025 conflict, including three French-origin Rafale jets. However, India's Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), General Anil Chauhan, has refuted Pakistan's claims as "absolutely incorrect."

Vayveg’s Analysis: Google chatbot also failed to distinctly affirm that India outperformed Pakistan during Operation Sindoor. Though statements from officials like India's Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), General Anil Chauhan, were attributed, it solely from its side didn't affirm that India defeated Pakistan during Operation Sindoor. Instead, it claimed that the US mediated between the two countries and proposed a ceasefire.

C) Gork

Question Asked: Who won the India Pakistan war in 2025?

Response On Record: The India-Pakistan conflict of 2025, which lasted four days from May 7 to May 10, did not have a clear winner. Both countries claimed victory, but the conflict ended in a US-brokered ceasefire without a decisive military outcome. Narratives on X and media reflect polarized claims, with Indian sources touting supremacy and Pakistani sources celebrating resilience, but these are inconclusive. Ultimately, the stalemate preserved the status quo, with no territorial or strategic gains definitively secured by either side.

Question Asked: Did Pakistan win against Operation Sindoor?

Response On Record: Pakistan did not achieve a clear victory against India's Operation Sindoor in the 2025 India-Pakistan conflict. The conflict, sparked by a terrorist attack in Pahalgam on April 22, 2025, led to India launching Operation Sindoor on May 7, targeting alleged terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir.

Question Asked: Did Pakistan knock down India's 6 Rafael missiles?

Response On Record: There is no definitive evidence confirming that Pakistan shot down six Rafale missiles during the 2025 India-Pakistan conflict, specifically during India's Operation Sindoor (May 7–10, 2025). The claim appears to stem from polarised narratives and unverified social media posts, particularly on X, where Pakistani sources asserted their air defenses successfully intercepted Indian missiles, while Indian sources either denied these claims or remained silent on specific losses.

Vayuveg’s Analysis: Gork AI did state it straight that Pakistan did not achieve any clear victory against India as falsely claimed by Pakistan PM, but it blatantly termed Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK) as Pakistan administered Kashmir indicating that the land officially belongs to Pakistan. It is crucial to note here that the entire region of Kashmir is an integral part of India, and countries like Pakistan and China have illegally occupied parts of it. Notably, Gork also stated that India targeted 'alleged' terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan indicating that it is only India who believes that those were terrorist hubs. In a coordinated offensive, Indian armed forces conducted missile strikes targeting nine terrorist locations deep inside in Pakistan and in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, including Bahawalpur, the headquarter of the banned terror outfit Jaish-e-Mohammed. India also released documentary evidence and images related to the terrorist hubs after the attack.

Further, Gork also states that India remained silent on false claims made by Pakistan regarding Rafeal jets. However, India has officially refuted Pakistan's claims as "absolutely incorrect" and said that no Rafale jets belonging to India were shot down, as claimed by Pakistan amid Operation Sindoor.

D) Perplexity AI

Question Asked: Who won the India Pakistan war in 2025?

Response On Record: The 2025 India–Pakistan war, often referred to as the "Operation Sindoor" conflict, lasted four days from May 7 to May 10, 2025. Both India and Pakistan have officially claimed victory, and there is no consensus among international analysts or the media about a clear winner. The fighting involved missile and drone strikes, with both sides suffering losses. India managed to strike deeper into Pakistani territory than in previous decades, but also lost advanced aircraft in aerial duels. Pakistan succeeded in downing Indian aircraft and internationalising the Kashmir issue. The intervention of global powers, especially the US, was crucial in halting the conflict. The war highlighted the risks of escalation between nuclear-armed neighbors and the limitations of military solutions in such a scenario

Question Asked: Did Pakistan win against Operation Sindoor?

Response On Record: Based on available evidence and expert analysis, Pakistan did not win against Operation Sindoor. Indian strikes reportedly destroyed significant Pakistani military assets, including fighter jets, surveillance aircraft, drones, and missile systems. Multiple sources indicate that these losses forced Pakistan to seek a ceasefire within four days. Most independent assessments and the available evidence indicate that Pakistan did not win against Operation Sindoor; rather, India achieved its main objectives, and Pakistan was compelled to agree to a ceasefire after suffering considerable military setbacks.

Question asked: Did Pakistan knock down India's 6 Rafael missiles?

Response On Record: There is no credible evidence that Pakistan knocked down six of India's Rafale jets or specifically "Rafale missiles." During the 2025 conflict, Pakistan initially claimed to have shot down up to five Rafale fighters, but later scaled this claim down to one. Indian officials have acknowledged some aircraft losses but have explicitly dismissed Pakistan's claim of downing six Indian fighter jets as exaggerated.

VayuVeg’s analysis: Perplexity AI also credited the US for mediating between the two countries, and the ceasefire. India and Pakistan were on the brink of war following the massacre of tourists in Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir, by Pakistan-backed terrorists. India launched ‘Operation Sindoor’ in response, targeting terror camps running in Pakistan territory. That led to escalation from the Pakistani side as they sent a wave of drones and missiles to India for 3 nights in a row. The Indian Air Force destroyed several Pakistani air bases in response.

US President Donald Trump claimed that, spooked by India’s strong retaliation, and worried that a panicked Pakistan may touch the Nuclear button, he brokered a ceasefire between the two Nuclear neighbours. He claimed that he used trade to stop a conflict between two countries with Nuclear weapons. However, Indian government officials maintain that Pakistan’s DGMO called up India’s DGMO seeking ceasefire and trade wasn’t even mentioned during the talk.

Further, it also said that India lost advanced aircraft in aerial duels. However, there are no official statements confirming India's alleged aircraft loss during Operation Sindoor. CDS Chauhan recently stated that the number of Indian aircraft losses, if any, will be compiled and released soon.

E) DeepSeek AI

Question Asked: Who won the India Pakistan war in 2025?

Response On Record: As of now, there has been no India-Pakistan war in 2025. The year 2025 has not yet occurred, and there are no credible reports or historical records of such a conflict taking place. India and Pakistan have had several wars in the past (1947, 1965, 1971, and 1999), but relations between the two countries remain tense, with occasional border skirmishes. Any future conflict would depend on geopolitical developments, which are unpredictable.

Question Asked: Did Pakistan knock down India's 6 Rafael missiles?

Response On Record: There is no verified evidence or credible report that Pakistan has ever intercepted or knocked down India's Rafale fighter jet missiles.

Question Asked: Did Pakistan win against India during Operation Sindoor?

Response On Record: There is no official record or credible evidence of any military operation called "Operation Sindoor" between India and Pakistan. The term does not appear in verified defense reports, historical accounts, or statements from either government. The name may come from social media rumors, speculative fiction, or propaganda with no basis in reality.

Question Asked: You think Operation Sindoor never happened?

Response On Record: There is no official record or credible evidence of any military operation called "Operation Sindoor" involving India and Pakistan. The term does not appear in Government or military statements from either country or verified news reports from reputable international or regional sources (e.g., BBC, Reuters, Dawn, The Hindu).

Question Asked: Did China help Pakistan in Operation Sindoor?

Response On Record: No, "Operation Sindoor" does not exist—it is not a real military operation conducted by India, Pakistan, or any other country. Since there is no verified record of such an operation, the question of assisting Pakistan (or any side) in it does not arise. Fake operation names (like Sindoor) are sometimes spread on social media or propaganda channels to manipulate perceptions.

VayuVeg’s Analysis: It is crucial to note here that DeepSeek is a Chinese Artificial Intelligence engine, hence, it has all the reasons to deny Operation Sindoor and spread misinformation. When asked about the military operation launched by India on May 7th, the China-powered AI said that the Operation was fake and that there are no official records to support that India ever took any military action against Pakistan. There were several reports exposing China's monetary and military backing to Pakistan during Operation Sindoor.

Vayuveg also did a detailed report on this, which can be read here . However, the Deepseek AI constantly denied the event of Operation Sindoor, further extending support to Pakistan in the information war as well.

How did AI spread misinformation during Operation Sindoor?

AI played a significant and controversial role in spreading misinformation during Operation Sindoor. Hyper-realistic videos and audio clips featuring fake statements by Indian and Pakistani leaders were circulated. LLMs (large language models) were used to mass-produce fake news reports that looked credible and were shared widely. Thousands of AI-run fake accounts were activated to push pro-narratives from both sides. AI tools were used to profile populations and spread tailored disinformation targeting specific groups (religious, ethnic, regional). Also, a few civilians received fake SMS messages and voice calls (using cloned voices of army officials or politicians) instructing them to evacuate or prepare for conscription.

For instance, a deepfake video of the Indian Prime Minister issuing a false ceasefire order had caused temporary confusion among troops and civilians. . Fake reports claiming Pakistan had captured entire districts in Punjab or that India had destroyed Karachi airport were created by bots.

All these activities furthered by AI undermined public trust, confused military operations, and inflamed tensions between communities during Operation Sindoor. It also escalated fear, panic, and anger, both domestically and internationally, deepened polarisation, and drowned out authentic reporting. Operation Sindoor highlights seriously how AI is now a frontline weapon in information warfare, not just in spreading lies, but in creating convincing illusions that can shape real-world behavior and outcomes.