Background
Amid the ongoing India-Pakistan conflict, China played a multifaceted role in supporting Pakistan, encompassing military, diplomatic, and strategic dimensions. China's extensive military partnership with Pakistan was prominently displayed during the conflict as Pakistan deployed a range of Chinese-supplied weaponry, including JF-17 Thunder and J-10C "Firebird" fighter jets, VT-4 tanks, SH-15 howitzers, HQ-9 air defense systems, and ZDK-03 AWACS systems. In naval operations, Chinese-built Hangor-class submarines and Type 054A/P frigates were active in the Arabian Sea. Notably, India recovered debris of Chinese-made PL-15 long-range air-to-air missiles used by Pakistan, marking the first time India officially cited China as a direct military supplier in an active conflict with Pakistan.
Despite this, Chinese media and social media users kept on posting about the so-called success of Chinese weapons used by Pakistan. Several media outputs and social media posts appeared in which the Chinese users could be seen supporting Pakistan's claim that it successfully engaged around 80 Indian fighter jets, shooting down many, including other aircraft types and several drones, amid accusations of cross-border attacks and retaliatory strikes.
Notably, China pretentiously urged India and Pakistan to “remain calm and exercise restraint” following the two countries’ decision to pause military operations on May 10. The message came after a phone conversation between Chinese Foreign Affairs Chief Wang Yi and National Security Advisor Ajit Doval, hours after the agreement was announced.
China decided to continue its support to Pakistan amidst the terror nation’s unbridled aggression against civilians in India, after India neutralised terror hubs inside Pakistan as a response to the Pahalgam attack, where Hindus were killed when they failed to recite the Kalma. China’s foreign minister Wang Yi on May 10 said that his country would continue to ‘stand by Pakistan’ in upholding its ‘sovereignty, territorial integrity and national independence’.
According to the report, Wang Yi made these comments during a telephone conversation with Pakistan’s deputy prime minister and foreign minister, Ishaq Dar.
The news of China’s commitment to Pakistan comes after a ceasefire deal was violated by Pakistan. Just hours after Pakistan announced its commitment to ending hostilities with India, reports emerged of fresh ceasefire violations across multiple sectors in Jammu and Kashmir, including Akhnoor. Both artillery shelling and small arms fire were reported, raising concerns over the sincerity of Pakistan’s ceasefire pledge. In addition to artillery firing along the LoC, Pakistan also launched a fresh drone attack in several cities in Jammu and Kashmir, including in Jammu and Akhnoor.
In the meantime, several Weibo posts in China celebrated Pakistan's brutal attacks on India, resulting in the loss of lives of several people along the border. One of the posts indicated that China's military industry became famous in the war and that Pakistan used the J-10CE exported by China to drive away four Rafale fighters from India. The information was fake, as India destroyed all the Chinese arms thrown by Pakistan, exposing the former. These kinds of posts were spread on the Chinese micro-blogging platform with hashtags like '#Chineseweapons', '#Chineseantidroneaceweapons', etc.
A couple of other misleading posts on Weibo by Chinese users read, "Pakistan claims to have shot down 29 Indian drones over Lahore, Karachi, and other locations. In response, India launched drone and missile attacks targeting military installations in northern and western regions of the country between the night of the 7th and 8th," and "Pakistan says shooting down more than 25 Indian drones." Both of these were declared as fake after the Indian Government released fact-check posts exposing the lies of Pakistan.
Further, several posts also propagated Pakistan's State Television's coverage that announced that an Indian drone was shot down in Punjab Province. "This is the second Indian drone shot down by Pakistan," the Pakistani media coverage read.
Earlier, Pakistani media reported at 3:00 on the 7th that the Pakistani Air Force shot down an Indian drone. Pakistani military personnel released videos of the crashed drone and confirmed that the Indian drone was shot down by the Pakistani military near the Barnara area of Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. In addition, a spokesperson for the Pakistani Army News Bureau confirmed at 5:00 on the 7th that Pakistan shot down five Indian fighter jets: 3 unidentified, one MiG, and one Su-30.
The Chinese media outlets also propagated Pakistani lies, which read, "Pakistani army destroyed an important command post of the Indian army." However, during a May 10 briefing, Wing Commander Vyomika Singh flipped the script on Pakistan’s several attempts to spread “misinformation,” further causing panic among the people. Slamming the neighbouring country’s claims of having destroyed “our S-400 missile base…Brahmos installation” as false, she instead pointed out that Pakistan had “suffered losses” on land and in the air after butting heads with India.
While this happened on one end, the Chinese government military dismissed widespread speculation that it sent its largest military transport aircraft, the Y-20, carrying arms to Pakistan during its standoff with India. The People’s Liberation Army Air Force called the reports “rumours” and warned sternly.
“The internet is not beyond the law! Those who produce and spread military-related rumours will be held legally responsible!” said the statement posted on China’s defence ministry website.
The denial came after social media users claimed the Y-20 had flown military supplies to Pakistan amid Operation Sindoor. China also previously rejected Pakistani claims that Chinese fighter jets were used during attacks on India, while urging restraint from both sides. “China opposes all forms of terrorism. We urge both sides to act in the larger interest of peace and stability, remain calm, exercise restraint, and refrain from taking actions that may further complicate the situation,” a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson said.
While China officially denied direct involvement in the conflict, it is important to note that it pretentiously engaged in diplomatic efforts to de-escalate tensions. Alongside the United States, as claimed, China called for a ceasefire between India and Pakistan, emphasizing the importance of 'regional stability'. Chinese officials held discussions with senior Indian and Pakistani leaders, advocating for a 'peaceful resolution'.
In a joint statement, China reiterated its support for Pakistan's sovereignty and territorial integrity, while Pakistan reaffirmed its commitment to the One-China policy. Both nations emphasized the importance of resolving disputes through dialogue and maintaining peace in South Asia.
The ongoing war-like situation highlighted the deepening strategic alliance between China and Pakistan. Notably, China accounted for 81% of Pakistan's arms imports between 2020 and 2024, supplying advanced military equipment and technology. Reports suggest that this partnership extends beyond defense, encompassing economic initiatives like the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which enhances connectivity between China's Xinjiang province and Pakistan's Gwadar Port.
Taking cognizance of the events, India has expressed concerns over this growing alliance, viewing it as a challenge to regional stability and its own security interests. Indian officials criticized China's support for Pakistan, accusing it of undermining India's progress and security.
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